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Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Immunoinflammatory mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis; Autoantibodies and atherosclerosis; Clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis; Clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus

Acid beta-Glucosidase/Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Role in disease; Molecular genetics; Enzymology and cell biology; Properties of GCase; Structure and function of GCase; Requirements for activity; GCase and Gaucher disease; Mutations; Genotype/phenotype correlations

Actions of steroid hormones in the brain - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Estrogen regulation of female sexual behavior in the rat; Adrenal steroids and spatial memory; Steroid hormone metabolism in brain; Limitation of steroid access; Rapid non-genomic actions of steroids in brain; Steroid regulation of signaling pathways

Activation of PTK Receptors in Solid Human Tumors - (Henry Stewart Talks)

The human kinome; Role of tyrosine kinases in cancer; Mechanisms of activation of RTKs in physiological and pathological conditions; Autocrine Loop; The dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans model; Gene Amplification; the breast cancer model; Mutation

Adaptor mediated activation of the Hsp100/ Clp protein ClpC controls general and regulatory proteolysis in Bacillus subtilis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Adaptor protein activation of ClpCP mediated proteolysis in B. subtilis Hsp100/Clp proteins and proteolysis; ClpCP of B. subtilis in competence development and protein quality control; Adaptor protein (MecA) mediated activation of ClpCP

Adeno-Associated Viruses - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Adeno-associated virus; Molecular biology; Persistent infection; Lack of pathogenicity; Use as a vector for gene therapy; Vector structure and properties; Vector production; Clinical trials

Adipose tissue metabolism and obesity - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Experimental approaches for study of adipose tissue biology; Lipoprotein lipase and triacylglycerol hydrolysis; Fatty acid uptake by fat cells; Triacylglycerol synthesis; Lipid droplets; Adipocyte lipases; Lipid droplet proteins

Adjusting for population structure in genetic association studies - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Effect of population structure in generating spurious associations; Cause of problem is confounded by pedigree; Pre-2006 solutions: design based (TDT), genomic control, structured association; New solutions in 2006: null markers as regression covariates"

Admixture mapping: pitfalls and potential - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Applications of statistical modelling of population admixture; Genetic and environmental explanations for ethnic differences in disease risk; Methods for finding genes that influence complex traits; Exploiting admixture to map genes

Aging and Evolutionary Medicine - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Declined mortality in industrialized societies; Maximum human longevity; Werner's syndrome; Common age-related pathologies; The force of natural selection declines with age; Mutationaccumulation theory; The pleiotropy or trade-off theory

Agrobacterium tumefaciens: a tool for plant genetic engineering, a model for host detection by pathogens and a model for cell-cell communication - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Agrobacterium and tumor inducing plasmid; T-DNA transfer; Using Agrobacterium to create "transgenic" plants; VirA and VirG; Two component system; Quorum sensing; LuxR-LuxI-like regulatory system composed of TraR and TraI; Acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs)"

Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) in Therapy of CLL - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Development of Campath-1H; Burroughs-Wellcome Era (BW); Millenium (LeukosSite)-Ilex Era (MI); Differences between BW era and MI era; The two main trials in the BW era: study 005 in European countries and study 009 in the USA; Responses to these trials

Allocation Concealment, Prediction and Selection Bias - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Introduction to selection bias; Allocation methods; Evidence for subversion bias; Restricted or simple randomization; Problems with cluster randomization; Evidence for selection bias in cluster trials

Alzheimer's Disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Basic epidemiological facts on AD; Typical and atypical symptoms; Cognitive and physical findings; Key clinical investigations typically undertaken; Broad therapeutic approaches; Natural history and prognosis

Amino acid conjugation: contribution to the metabolism and toxicity of xenobiotic carboxylic acids - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Conjugation reaction pathway; Forms of CoA ligase; Activity of mitochondrial N-acyltransferases; Substrates for amino acid conjugation; Effect of limited CoASH on cellular processes; Mitochondrial toxicity; Implications for rational drug design

Amino Acid Synthesis in Chloroplasts - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Nitrate and ammonium uptake; Ammonium assimilation; Synthesis of aspartate-dependent amino acids; Synthesis of branched chain amino acids; Synthesis of aromatic amino acids; Regulation of amino acid metabolism

Amyloidosis: Disease Caused by Amyloid - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"What is, and what is not amyloidosis; Amyloid deposits; Clinical amyloidosis; Amyloid fibrillogenesis; Tissue damage by amyloid; Imaging amyloid in vivo; Treatment of amyloidosis"

Analysis of Protein-Protein Interaction, Transcriptional Regulation and Metabolic Networks - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Biological networks: small networks dedicated to a specific task and genome-scale networks; Protein interaction networks; The yeast two-hybrid assay and its limitations; Graph theory

Analysis of SNP Haplotypes - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Phenotype-genotype association; Linkage disequilibrium maps and allelic association; What is linkage disequilibrium?; The role of linkage disequilibrium in facilitating allelic association; What is a haplotype?; The importance of haplotypes

ANCA-Associated Systemic Vasculitides - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Definitions and classification; PAN- versus ANCA-associated vasculitides; Epidemiology; Pathogenesis; Treatment; Optimization of conventional treatments; Assessment; New drugs and strategies; Relapses; Specific treatments for specific problems

Animal models to explore cardiovascular disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Atherosclerosis is a complex disease involving several different molecular and cellular mechanisms in its pathogenesis; For its experimental investigation, usually higher animals as mammals need to be employed"

Antibiotic inhibition of ribosome function - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Overview of antibiotics that target the ribosome; Different mechanisms by which translation initiation inhibitors, such as kasugamycin and edeine, perturb initiator tRNA binding"

Antibiotic Resistance and Hospital-Acquired Infection - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Rates and consequences of hospital acquired infection; History of antibiotic resistance; The process of natural selection; Mutation as a source of resistance; Lateral gene transfer; The bacterial ecology of a hospital; Resistance in the community

Antibiotics that target the 50S ribosome subunit: resistance and other considerations - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Why target the 50S ribosomal subunit?; Analysis of antibacterial market; Mechanisms of drug resistance; Sequestration; How do antibiotics gain entry into cells; Porins; Lack of uptake; Self-promoted uptake drug modification

Antibodies as Anti-Virals - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Anti-viral activities of antibody in vitro; Neutralization; Mechanisms of neutralization; Other activities against free viruses; Activities against infected cells; Antibody mediated enhancement; Anti-viral activities of antibodies in vivo; Protection

Antibodies by Protein Engineering - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Therapeutic antibodies; Monoclonal antibodies; Rat Campath-1; IgG structure and genes; IgG antibody; Mouse-human chimeric antibodies; Humanized antibodies; Campath-1H; B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL); Multiple sclerosis

Antibodies in the Control of Type I Diabetes - (Henry Stewart Talks)

The history of IDDM; Autoimmune origin of human type 1 diabetes; Natural history and pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes; The role of regulatory T-cells in the control of type 1 diabetes; Objectives of immunotherapy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Antibody Depletion Therapy in Transplantation: Implications for Tolerance - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Overview of alloreactivity; Tolerance approaches; Co-stimulatory blockade; Requirement for cell depletion; Homeostatic proliferation overview; Homeostatic proliferation generates memory cells and blocks tolerance induction; Depletion spares memory cells

Antibody Engineering of Fc Effector Functions - (Henry Stewart Talks)

IgG structure and modes of action; Human IgG Fc receptors; Structural interactions; Engineering strategy; Selection of subclasses and effector functions; Manipulation of functions; Case study: FMAIT; Design and engineering of inhibitory Fc mutants

Antibody Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Story of multiple sclerosis; Symptoms; Pathogenesis; Pathological heterogeneity; Axonal degeneration; Current treatments; Interferons and glatiramer; Monoclonal antibody treatment of multiple sclerosis; Daclizumab; Natalizumab; Story of Campath-1H

Anti-Cytokine Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); Epidemiology; Disease pathology; Synovitis; Cytokine network; Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha; The role of TNF-alpha in rheumatoid arthritis; Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD)

Anti-IL-2 Receptor Antibodies as Models for Cancer Therapy - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Structure and function of IL-2 receptor; Disorders of IL-2 receptor expression in disease; IL-2R alpha-directed monoclonal antibody mediated therapy of leukemia and autoimmune diseases; Anti-IL-2E alpha monoclonals armed with toxins or radionuclides;

Antioxidants and immune response and infectious diseases - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Essential antioxidants; Antioxidant defenses in immune infection; Antioxidants-host defense-infection: a complex interaction; Vitamin E deficiency; CVB3; Effect of host age; Effect of virus origin; Effect of passage; Antioxidant supplementation

Antipsychotic-Induced Agranulocytosis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Agranulocytosis; Adverse drug reactions; Etiological mechanisms; Idiosyncratic drug reactions; Genetic and immunologic background; Antipsychotic induced agranulocytosis; Clozapine; Olanzapine; Future strategies of research

Antiretroviral therapy 2007, new concepts and lessons learned - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Data from recent past about AIDS; HIV life cycle and mechanisms of action of antiretroviral agents; Nucleoside-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs/NtRTIs): potency, pharmacokinetics and adverse effects"

Anti-TNF Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Immunological basis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); Up-regulated cytokine expression is of major importance in RA; Analysis of the disordered regulation shows that TNF blockade restored normal cytokine and destructive molecule levels

Apoptosis and Disease: Apoptotic Cell Clearance Deficiencies - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of apoptotic cells; Autoimmune disease and clearance of dying cells; Clearance deficiency of apoptotic cells; Germinal centre tingible body macrophage deficiency

Apoptosis in C. elegans - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Programmed cell death in C. elegans during development and adulthood; Differentiation; Genetic pathway for programmed cell death; ced-3, ced-4 and ced-9; Activation of the cell death machinery during C. elegans development and in C. elegans vs. mammals"

Apoptosis in the Immune System - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Basics of apoptosis; Signalling through death receptors; Apoptosis in the immune system; Apoptosis in diseases: sepsis, stroke and spinal cord injury; Apoptosis and killer T cells; Apoptosis and p53; Apoptosis and cancer"

Apoptosis in the Nervous System - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Cell death programs in the nervous system; PCD; Similarities and differences in the classical PCD paradigm between worms and vertebrates; Conserved death mechanisms; Apoptosis, necrosis and autophagic cell death; Other death subroutines"

Apoptotic Cell Clearance and its Implications - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Apoptosis; Uptake of apoptotic cells; Specialized forms of phagocytosis; Efferocytosis; Anti-inflammatory and anti-immunogenic responses to apoptotic cells; Tissue cell deletion and replacement; Tissue homeostasis; Autoimmunity, fibrosis and emphysema"

Apoptotic Cell Clearance Deficiency - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of apoptotic cells; Autoimmune disease and clearance of dying cells; Clearance deficiency of apoptotic cells; Germinal centre tingible body macrophage deficiency; Model for generation of nuclear autoimmunity

Apoptotic Pathways in Mammals - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Apoptosis and programmed cell death; Apoptosis: developmental signals, damage or stress, loss of adhesion and oncogenesis; Caspases: inactive and active; Death folds; Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins; Death receptor (extrinsic) pathway"

Arachidonic Acid and Store-Independent Calcium Entry - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Agonist-activated calcium entry: different modes; Synthesis and metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA); Properties of AA-activated calcium channels; Other effects of AA on calcium homeostasis; Calcium entry and cell proliferation

Arylamine N-acetyltransferases - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Mechanism of action; Reaction substrates; Isoform substrate profiles; Isoenzymes NAT1 and NAT2; Regulation of gene expression; Pharmacogenetics; Phenotype/genotype correlation; Ethnic variation; Transgenic mouse models

Assembly of the 30S ribosomal subunit in vitro and in cells - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Bacterial ribosome biogenesis; The Nomura assembly map; RNA folding and protein binding; Single molecule fluorescence; The basis for cooperative assembly; Isotope pulse chase experiments; Protein binding kinetics; The assembly landscape

Assessing significance in genome-wide studies - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Hypothesis testing; Ruling out artefactual associations; Asymptotic P values and problems with interpretation; Multiple testing and Bonferroni corrections; Permutation, pointwise and genomewise significance; Bayes factors"

Assessment of Obesity and Classification of Patients: Historical Perspectives and Current Practice - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Obesity is not a new problem; Palaeolithic times: Venus of Willendorf; Neolithic times: Venus of Catalhoyuk; MesoAmerican times: Mayan figurine; Historical times to 1500AD: Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Chinese and Tibetan, Indian and Greco-Roman"

Atomistic Simulations: Simulating the Interatomic Interactions - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Protein folding and disease; Folding kinetics can have a biological impact; Why use physical simulation?; Primary challenges; Possible models; Building atomistic models; Modern force fields; Ways to treat water; Implicit solvent models