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Race in Genetics and Medicine - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Questions about race; Fundamentals of DNA and the genome; Human genome sequence; DNA sequence variation; Three essential features of human genome diversity; Expected nucleotide diversity; STR analysis; Relationships among human populations

Racial and Ethnic Variation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Epidemiology of lupus and scleroderma; Racial and ethnic variation in disease susceptibility and expression; Geographic variation; Environmental triggers; Hypothetical disease mechanisms of environmental triggers; Future research directions

Randomization in Clinical Trials - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Randomization model for clinical trials and comparison to traditional sampling-based models; Examples of randomization procedures used in practice; Exploration of randomization as a basis for inference under framework of the family of linear rank tests

Randomization, Blinding and Drug Supply in Interactive Voice Response Trials - (Henry Stewart Talks)

How randomization is performed using IVR; The separation of the randomization and the medication dispensing steps in IVR; Stratification within IVR; Dynamic allocation schemes and considerations for use; Forced randomization definition and consequences

Rapid Methods for the Genetic Determination of Pharmacokinetic Status - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Key pharmacogenetic targets; Minimizing laboratory processing; Homogenous reactions and DNA probes; Rapid and simple allele discrimination; Point of care

Ras/MAP Kinase Pathways - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Regulation of the MAPK pathway by receptor tyrosine kinases through Ras; MAPK cascade paradigm; Regulatory properties of kinase cascade components; MAPK structure; Generating specificity in MAPK cascades

Rational use of opioid analgesics for cancer pain - with a critique of the WHO 3-step ladder - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Who 3-step analgesic ladder for cancer pain; Overview of WHO cancer pain programme; Cancer pain: a global problem; UK national cancer patient survey; Cancer pain is still endemic in the developed world; Pain characteristics; Pain in advanced cancer

Reactive Oxygen Species and Myocardial Apoptosis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Reactive oxygen species; Ischemia/reperfusion; Necrosis; Apoptosis; Infarct size; Mitochondrial calcium overload; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Cytochrome c release from mitochondria; MAPK kinases; NFkappaB; TNFalpha; IL6; Caspases; Antioxidant

Receptor Family - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Members of the Eph receptor and ephrin ligand families and specificity of binding interactions; Domain structure of Eph receptors and ephrins; Eph receptor-ephrin interactions; Dimerization, tetramerization and further clustering in Eph-ephrin signaling"

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases - Function, Families and Evolution - (Henry Stewart Talks)

History of protein phosphorylation; Protein kinase bioinformatics; History of tyrosine phosphorylation and functions of tyrosine kinases; Genomic catalogues of protein kinases (kinomes); The human kinome; The evolution of kinomes

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases - Function, Families and Evolution - (Henry Stewart Talks)

History of protein phosphorylation; Protein kinase bioinformatics; History of tyrosine phosphorylation and functions of tyrosine kinases; Genomic catalogues of protein kinases (kinomes); The human kinome; The evolution of kinomes

Recording: getting more out of the message by shifting reading frame and redefining codon meaning - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Dynamic reprogramming of genetic readout; 3 broad types; Change in linearity, i.e. programmed ribosomal frame shifting; Codon redefinition, i.e. commonly "stop codons" specifying an amino acid, a standard one or selenocysteine; Discontiguity"

Regulation and Role of Mitochondrial Ca2+ Homeostasis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Targeted Calcium indicators; The principles of mitochondrial Calcium accumulation; The role of the outer membrane channel VDAC; The mitochondrial Calcium uniporter of the inner membrane (MCU); The ER-mitochondria contacts

Regulation and Role of Mitochondrial Ca2+ Homeostasis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Targeted Calcium indicators; The principles of mitochondrial Calcium accumulation; The role of the outer membrane channel VDAC; The mitochondrial Calcium uniporter of the inner membrane (MCU); The ER-mitochondria contacts

Regulation by miRNA - (Henry Stewart Talks)

miRNAs as endogenous small RNA regulators; Biogenesis of miRNAs; miRNAs and siRNAs; Mechanism of action of miRNAs; Targets of miRNAs; Biological roles for miRNAs; Roles for miRNAs in cancer

Regulation of Apoptosis: Lessons from Drosophila and their Implications for Human Health and Disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Many different signals influence apoptosis; "Gas" and "brake" model of apoptosis; Reaper, Hid and Grim; IAPs and cancer; Use of Drosophila; Ubiquitination and apoptosis; diap1"

Regulation of Blood Coagulation by the Serpin, Antithrombin - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Antithrombin and hemostasis; Dysfunctional antithrombins and thrombophilia; Protease regulation by serpins; Heparin requirement for antithrombin function; Structural determinants of heparin binding to antithrombin

Regulation of Chloroplast Gene Expression: Light Activated Translation - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Chloroplast gene expression is primarily regulated during translation; Light activates translation via a redox cascade initiated by photosynthetic electron transport; Plastid specific translation factors and RNA elements

Regulation of gastrulation in Drosophila - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Events during gastrulation and mesoderm cell invagination; Cell shape changes; Genes acting upstream of mesodermal invagination; Search for genes controlling mesoderm cell shape changes; The role of cell division

Regulation of Intracellular Calcium Signaling, Localized Signals and Oscillations - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Calcium as a trigger for many cellular events including muscle contraction, hormone secretion and cell growth; The release of calcium from intracellular stores using electrophysiological, biochemical and molecular techniques combined with imaging"

Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Transcriptional Coactivators and Estrogen-Related Receptor A (Alpha) - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Mitochondrial biogenesis; Transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis; Roles of transcriptional coactivators of the PGC-1 family and of orphan nuclear receptor Estrogen-Related Receptor alpha (ERRa) in regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis

Regulation of Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Photosynthetic CO2 fixation; Regulation of CO2 fixation; Mg++ effects; pH effects; Light activation, the thioredoxin system; Rubisco activase; Rubisco, O2 competes with CO2; Rate-limiting enzymes; Enzyme-enzyme interaction and substrate channeling"

Regulation of Pre-mRNA Splicing - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Molecular mechanisms of the basic splicing reaction; Spliceosome assembly; Exon definition; Splicing enhancer and silencer elements; RNA binding proteins that regulate splicing; Protein diversity in metazoan organisms; Tissue specific splicing

Rehabilitation: the chronic phase - (Henry Stewart Talks)

The consequences of stroke; Priorities in rehabilitation; Prevention of complications; Recovery and neuroplasticity; Process of rehabilitation; Interventions in stroke rehabilitation; Organization of multidisciplinary care

Replication of linear plasmids in bacteria - (Henry Stewart Talks)

The end replication problem and solutions; Replication of linear DNA in Streptomyces species using terminal proteins; Replication of linear DNA in Borrelia species using telomere resolution

Respiration, Reactive Oxygen Species and Uncoupling Proteins - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria; Mitochondrial free radicals and ageing in short-lived and long-lived species; Topology and sites of ROS production in the electron transport chain; Regulation of ROS production by mild uncoupling

Responses of Chloroplasts to Stress Conditions - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Environmental factors such as heat, drought or salinity can cause cell injury and death of plants; Within cells, chloroplasts contain many different mechanisms that enable them to cope with harsh environmental conditions"

Rheumatic Fever: A Model of a Post-Infectious Autoimmune Disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Acute rheumatic fever symptoms; Rheumatic fever prevalence/incidence; Genetic predisposition; Humoral and cellular immune response; Infiltrating T cell clones are crossreactive; Oligoclonal expansion of T cells in the lesion; Tissue injury by cytokines

Rhodopsin and Retinitis Pigmentosa - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Anatomy of the eye and retina; Retinal degenerations; Retinitis pigmentosa; Protein conformational disorders; Model for disease; The study of mutant opsin; Structure of rhodopsin; Phenotypes; Class I, Class II and Class III mutants"

RNA Editing: Changing the Code in Plants, Animals and Parasites - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Diversity of RNA editing; Nucleotide deaminase reactions; Enzyme mediated cascades; Small guiding RNA; Alternative RNA editing

RNA Interference and Cancer Therapy - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Cancer overview; RNA interference to understand cancer; Natural short RNAs in cancer; RNA interference to fight cancer

RNA Polymerase II General Transcription Machinery - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Core promoters; Enhancers and silencers; General transcription factors; RNAP II; Mechanism of initiation

RNA Surveillance - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Three core Upf NMD factors; Exon junction complexes (EJCs); Upf1; Mechanism of NMD; Activation of EJC-bound Upf1; Role of NMD in downregulating spliced mRNAs to eliminate truncated proteins; NMD downregulating functional protein isoforms

RNAi and Cell Signalling Pathways - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Use of functional cell-based reporter system (Cell Sensor(tm) technology) with RNAi; From target knockdown to compound screening and verification in biochemical assays; Analysis of small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors

RNAi and Heterochromatin in Plants and Fission Yeast - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Heterochromatin is composed of transposable elements (TEs) and related repeats; heterochromatic gene silencing and TE-mediated silencing are related and may be important in large genomes

RNAi and Heterochromatin in Plants and Fission Yeast - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Heterochromatin is composed of transposable elements (TEs) and related repeats; heterochromatic gene silencing and TE-mediated silencing are related and may be important in large genomes

RNAi and Inflammatory Heart Diseases - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Coxsackievirus B3; Design of efficient antiviral siRNAs; Plaque reduction assays; Virus escape; siRNA double expression vectors (SiDEx); Strand selectivity of virus silencing; Silencing of the host receptor (Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor)

RNAi and Neurogenetic Diseases - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Brain diseases and molecular therapies; RNA interference; Mice models of brain disease; Viral vectors

RNAi Mechanisms: RISC - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Impact of RNAi on biology; Gene silencing; Mechanism of unravelling; Understanding the mechanism of RNAi related pathways; Transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing

RNAi Specificity: How Big of an Issue is it? - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"siRNA design and use in mammalian cells; Avoiding off-target effects; Sense strand inactivation; Evading interferon/stress response; Smith-Waterman algorithm; Human, mouse and rat Stealth(tm) Select; Successful experimental design"

RNAi: Key Technological Aspects - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"General outline of RNAi technology; Basic principles and mechanisms of RNAi; RNAi technological aspects, delivery, activity and specificity of RNAi compounds; Key factors defining RNAi application; Test system; Target throughput; Phenotypic readout"

Role of chaperones and Sec machinery in protein secretion - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Importance of protein translocation; Identification of Sec factors; Structure and function of translocon, an evolutionarily conserved membrane protein complex that serves as a polypeptide-conducting channel; Structure and function of SecA"

Role of chaperones in Parkinson's disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

"Parkinson's disease; Pathophysiology, neuropathology, etiology; Genes associated with Parkinson's disease; Role of protein misfolding in Parkinson's disease; alpha-synuclein: protein misfolding and a gain of toxic function"

Role of chaperonin-like proteins in Bardet-Biedl syndrome - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Introduction to chaperonins; Evolution of chaperonins; Introduction to Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) and ciliopathies; Cloning of BBS disease genes; Role of chaperonins in Bardet-Biedl syndrome

Role of MAPT (Tau) in Neurodegenerative Disease - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Medical importance of tauopathies; Microtubule Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) is incorporated into neurofibrillary lesions; Mutations in the MAPT gene give rise to Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism (FTDP-17); Common variability in the MAPT

Role of nuclear receptor superfamily members in induction - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Drug metabolism and gene transcription; Role of nuclear receptors in drug metabolism induction; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Pregnane X receptor; Constitutive androstane receptor; Human examples of drug metabolism induction

Role of Prolactin in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Immune neuroendocrine interactions and autoimmune diseases; Prolactin and systemic lupus erythematosus; Pregnancy and autoimmune diseases; Antiphospholipid syndrome; Accelerated atherosclerosis and autoimmune diseases; Lupus nephropathy

Roles for molecular chaperones in cystic fibrosis - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Cystic fibrosis is a fatal homozygous recessive disorder; Caused primarily by misfolding of mutant forms of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)

Roles of chaperonins in bacteria - (Henry Stewart Talks)

The discovery of the GroEL chaperonin in E. coli; Organization of the GroEL and GroES genes; Oligomeric structure of GroEL and GroES proteins; Key roles of GroEL; The substrates of GroEL; Chaperonins in other bacteria and their roles

Ryanodine Receptors and Cardiac Function - (Henry Stewart Talks)

Introduction to Calcium cycling in the heart; How to measure SR and sarcolemmal Calcium fluxes; What controls SR Calcium content; The effects of changing the open probability of the RyR; The link between Calcium and arrhythmias